Journal: Nature neuroscience

Article Title: Regulation of Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering by ADF/Cofilin-Directed Vesicular Trafficking

doi: 10.1038/nn.2322

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative sets of images showing the effects of different over-expression levels of GFP-14-3-3ζ on spontaneous (a) and agrin bead-induced (b) AChR clusters. Please note that the images of high GFP-14-3-3ζ expressing cells were taken using a reduced exposure to allow the examination of subcellular localization. The insets represent the images of the same cells, but acquired using the same exposure as that for cells expressing a low level of GFP-14-3-3ζ. One thus can appreciate the huge difference in the expression level of GFP-14-3-3ζ between these two groups. The magnified regions were pseudo-colored after an intensity threshold to show the differential localization of GFP-14-3-3ζ and AChRs (color insets). XAC immunostaining was performed in GFP-14-3-3ζ-expressed muscle cells stimulated with agrin beads. ( c ) Western blotting analysis on the 14-3-3ζ/β protein levels in the 14-3-3ζ morpholino (MO) knockdown experiment with GADPH as a loading control. Full-length blots are presented in . ( d ) A similar disorganization of the spontaneous AChR clusters cultured from 14-3-3ζ morpholino embryos, as identified by fluorescent dextran signals. Ellipses (a, d) were drawn to outline the periphery of AChR clusters for the quantitative analysis in panel f. ( e ) A representative set of images showing the effects of 14-3-3ζ morpholino on AChR clustering and XAC localization induced by agrin beads. ( f , g ) Quantifications of spontaneous (f) and agrin bead-induced (g) AChR clusters in response to 14-3-3ζ over-expression or morpholino knockdown. Numbers indicate the number of samples counted from 2 independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences ( t -test, * p < 0.005; ** p < 0.001). Scale bars: 20 µm (a, d); 10 µm (b, e). Error bars in (f) and (g) represent s.e.m.

Article Snippet: To knock down the expression of 14-3-3ζ, custom-designed morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (5’-CTGGACCAGTTCATTTTTATCCATG-3’; Gene Tools) were co-injected with a cell linage tracer Oregon Green 488-dextran (Invitrogen) into the 1- or 2-cell stage embryos.

Techniques: Over Expression, Expressing, Immunostaining, Western Blot, Cell Culture

Journal: Nature neuroscience

Article Title: Regulation of Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering by ADF/Cofilin-Directed Vesicular Trafficking

doi: 10.1038/nn.2322

Figure Lengend Snippet: ( a , c ) Representative images showing newly inserted AChRs in agrin bead-induced (a) or spontaneous (c) AChR clusters in muscle cells expressing different XAC or 14-3-3ζ morpholino knockdown. The pre-existing surface AChRs were first masked with a saturating dose of unlabeled BTX. After 4 h, the cells were labeled with Rh-BTX and fixed to allow precise and reliable quantification of the newly inserted AChRs (New AChR) in a large number of cells at this particular time point. The muscle cells over-expressing wild-type or mutants of GFP-XAC were identified by GFP expression, whereas 14-3-3ζ morpholino knockdown was identified by fluorescent dextran signals. It should be noted that the exact subcellular localization of GFP-tagged proteins may be altered after fixation. The area of new AChRs was highlighted with red pseudocolors through the application of an intensity threshold in merge images (bottom rows). Locations of agrin beads were outlined with dotted circles in top panels. ( b , d ) Quantifications of XAC activity and 14-3-3ζ manipulations on surface targeting of new AChRs in agrin-induced (b) or spontaneous clusters (d). Areas of new AChR clusters at the bead-muscle contacts and at the spontaneous clusters were measured in the threshold images. Numbers indicate the number of bead-muscle contacts (b) or spontaneous clusters (d) measured from 2 independent experiments. Asterisks indicate significant differences ( t -test, * p < 0.005; ** p < 0.001). Error bars in (b) and (d) represent s.e.m.

Article Snippet: To knock down the expression of 14-3-3ζ, custom-designed morpholino antisense oligonucleotides (5’-CTGGACCAGTTCATTTTTATCCATG-3’; Gene Tools) were co-injected with a cell linage tracer Oregon Green 488-dextran (Invitrogen) into the 1- or 2-cell stage embryos.

Techniques: Expressing, Labeling, Activity Assay

Journal: JMA Journal

Article Title: Efficacy of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Hematological Malignancy Compared to Healthy Controls: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

doi: 10.31662/jmaj.2023-0171

Figure Lengend Snippet: Population Characteristics of the Included Studies.

Article Snippet: Terpos et al., 2021, Greece, Prospective cohort , Dose 1: , CLL, NHL, HL , Mean ± SD: 64.6 ± 14.3, 50% , BNT162b2 , 21D , First Dose and Second Dose , Mean ± SD: 69.8 ± 12.5, 44.9% , First Dose: 152 , , , GenScript (≥30% = positive, ≥30% = clinically relevant) , 6.

Techniques: Comparison, Inhibition, Neutralization